Linux Bash Command Bash脚本命令

转自：http://ss64.com/bash/

好不容易才找到…

  [alias](http://ss64.com/bash/alias.html)
    Create an alias  

  apropos  Search Help manual pages (man -k)  

  [apt-get](http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/ch-apt-get.en.html)
  Search for and install software packages (Debian)  

  [aspell](http://aspell.net/)
   Spell Checker  

  [awk](http://ss64.com/bash/awk.html)
      Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index  

b  

  bash     GNU Bourne-Again SHell   

  [bc](http://ss64.com/bash/bc.html)
       Arbitrary precision calculator language   

  [bg](http://ss64.com/bash/bg.html)
       Send to background  

  [break](http://ss64.com/bash/break.html)
    Exit from a loop  

  [builtin](http://ss64.com/bash/builtin.html)
  Run a shell builtin  

  [bzip2](http://www.bzip.org/)
    Compress or decompress named file(s)  

c  

  [cal](http://ss64.com/bash/cal.html)
      Display a calendar  

  [case](http://ss64.com/bash/case.html)
     Conditionally perform a command  

  [cat](http://ss64.com/bash/cat.html)
      Display the contents of a file  

  [cd](http://ss64.com/bash/cd.html)
       Change Directory  

  [cfdisk](http://ss64.com/bash/cfdisk.html)
   Partition table manipulator for Linux  

  [chgrp](http://ss64.com/bash/chgrp.html)
    Change group ownership  

  [chmod](http://ss64.com/bash/chmod.html)
    Change access permissions  

  [chown](http://ss64.com/bash/chown.html)
    Change file owner and group  

  [chroot](http://ss64.com/bash/chroot.html)
   Run a command with a different root directory  

  [chkconfig](http://ss64.com/bash/chkconfig.html)
 System services (runlevel)  

  [cksum](http://ss64.com/bash/cksum.html)
    Print CRC checksum and byte counts  

  clear    Clear terminal screen  

  [cmp](http://ss64.com/bash/cmp.html)
      Compare two files  

  [comm](http://ss64.com/bash/comm.html)
     Compare two sorted files line by line  

  [command](http://ss64.com/bash/command.html)
  Run a command - ignoring shell functions  

  [continue](http://ss64.com/bash/continue.html)
 Resume the next iteration of a loop  

  [cp](http://ss64.com/bash/cp.html)
       Copy one or more files to another location  

  [cron](http://ss64.com/bash/cron.html)
     Daemon to execute scheduled commands  

  [crontab](http://ss64.com/bash/crontab.html)
  Schedule a command to run at a later time  

  [csplit](http://ss64.com/bash/csplit.html)
   Split a file into context-determined pieces  

  [cut](http://ss64.com/bash/cut.html)
      Divide a file into several parts  

d  

  [date](http://ss64.com/bash/date.html)
     Display or change the date & time  

  [dc](http://ss64.com/bash/dc.html)
       Desk Calculator  

  [dd](http://ss64.com/bash/dd.html)
       Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records  

  [ddrescue](http://ss64.com/bash/ddrescue.html)
 Data recovery tool  

  [declare](http://ss64.com/bash/declare.html)
  Declare variables and give them attributes  

  [df](http://ss64.com/bash/df.html)
       Display free disk space  

  [diff](http://ss64.com/bash/diff.html)
     Display the differences between two files  

  [diff3](http://ss64.com/bash/diff3.html)
    Show differences among three files  

  [dig](http://ss64.com/bash/dig.html)
      DNS lookup  

  [dir](http://ss64.com/bash/dir.html)
      Briefly list directory contents  

  [dircolors](http://ss64.com/bash/dircolours.html)
 Colour setup for `ls'  

  [dirname](http://ss64.com/bash/dirname.html)
  Convert a full pathname to just a path  

  [dirs](http://ss64.com/bash/dirs.html)
     Display list of remembered directories  

  [dmesg](http://ss64.com/bash/dmesg.html)
    Print kernel & driver messages   

  [du](http://ss64.com/bash/du.html)
       Estimate file space usage  

e  

  [echo](http://ss64.com/bash/echo.html)
     Display message on screen  

  [egrep](http://ss64.com/bash/egrep.html)
    Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression  

  [eject](http://ss64.com/bash/eject.html)
    Eject removable media  

  [enable](http://ss64.com/bash/enable.html)
   Enable and disable builtin shell commands  

  [env](http://ss64.com/bash/env.html)
      Environment variables  

  ethtool  Ethernet card settings  

  [eval](http://ss64.com/bash/eval.html)
     Evaluate several commands/arguments  

  [exec](http://ss64.com/bash/exec.html)
     Execute a command  

  [exit](http://ss64.com/bash/exit.html)
     Exit the shell  

  [expect](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expect)
   Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal  

  [expand](http://ss64.com/bash/expand.html)
   Convert tabs to spaces  

  [export](http://ss64.com/bash/export.html)
   Set an environment variable  

  [expr](http://ss64.com/bash/expr.html)
     Evaluate expressions  

f  

  [false](http://ss64.com/bash/false.html)
    Do nothing, unsuccessfully  

  [fdformat](http://ss64.com/bash/fdformat.html)
 Low-level format a floppy disk  

  [fdisk](http://ss64.com/bash/fdisk.html)
    Partition table manipulator for Linux  

  [fg](http://ss64.com/bash/fg.html)
       Send job to foreground   

  [fgrep](http://ss64.com/bash/fgrep.html)
    Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string  

  file     Determine file type  

  [find](http://ss64.com/bash/find.html)
     Search for files that meet a desired criteria  

  [fmt](http://ss64.com/bash/fmt.html)
      Reformat paragraph text  

  [fold](http://ss64.com/bash/fold.html)
     Wrap text to fit a specified width.  

  [for](http://ss64.com/bash/for.html)
      Expand words
, and execute commands
  format   Format disks or tapes  

  free     Display memory usage  

  [fsck](http://ss64.com/bash/fsck.html)
     File system consistency check and repair  

  ftp      File Transfer Protocol  

  [function](http://ss64.com/bash/function.html)
 Define Function Macros  

  [fuser](http://ss64.com/bash/fuser.html)
    Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file  

g  

  [gawk](http://ss64.com/bash/awk.html)
     Find and Replace text within file(s)  

  [getopts](http://ss64.com/bash/getopts.html)
  Parse positional parameters  

  [grep](http://ss64.com/bash/grep.html)
     Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern  

  [groups](http://ss64.com/bash/groups.html)
   Print group names a user is in  

  [gzip](http://ss64.com/bash/gzip.html)
     Compress or decompress named file(s)  

h  

  [hash](http://ss64.com/bash/hash.html)
     Remember the full pathname of a name argument  

  [head](http://ss64.com/bash/head.html)
     Output the first part of file(s)  

  [history](http://ss64.com/bash/history.html)
  Command History  

  [hostname](http://ss64.com/bash/hostname.html)
 Print or set system name  

i  

  [id](http://ss64.com/bash/id.html)
       Print user and group id's  

  [if](http://ss64.com/bash/if.html)
       Conditionally perform a command  

  [ifconfig](http://ss64.com/bash/ifconfig.html)
 Configure a network interface  

  [ifdown](http://ss64.com/bash/ifup.html)
   Stop a network interface   

  [ifup](http://ss64.com/bash/ifup.html)
     Start a network interface up  

  [import](http://ss64.com/bash/import.html)
   Capture an X server screen and save the image to file  

  [install](http://ss64.com/bash/install.html)
  Copy files and set attributes  

j  

  [join](http://ss64.com/bash/join.html)
     Join lines on a common field  

k  

  [kill](http://ss64.com/bash/kill.html)
     Stop a process from running  

  killall  Kill processes by name  

l  

  [less](http://ss64.com/bash/less.html)
     Display output one screen at a time  

  [let](http://ss64.com/bash/let.html)
      Perform arithmetic on shell variables  

  [ln](http://ss64.com/bash/ln.html)
       Make links between files  

  [local](http://ss64.com/bash/local.html)
    Create variables  

  [locate](http://ss64.com/bash/locate.html)
   Find files  

  [logname](http://ss64.com/bash/logname.html)
  Print current login name  

  [logout](http://ss64.com/bash/logout.html)
   Exit a login shell  

  [look](http://ss64.com/bash/look.html)
     Display lines beginning with a given string  

  [lpc](http://ss64.com/bash/lpc.html)
      Line printer control program  

  [lpr](http://ss64.com/bash/lpr.html)
      Off line print  

  lprint   Print a file  

  lprintd  Abort a print job  

  lprintq  List the print queue  

  [lprm](http://ss64.com/bash/lprm.html)
     Remove jobs from the print queue  

  [ls](http://ss64.com/bash/ls.html)
       List information about file(s)  

  [lsof](http://ss64.com/bash/lsof.html)
     List open files  

m  

  make     Recompile a group of programs  

  [man](http://ss64.com/bash/man.html)
      Help manual  

  [mkdir](http://ss64.com/bash/mkdir.html)
    Create new folder(s)  

  [mkfifo](http://ss64.com/bash/mkfifo.html)
   Make FIFOs (named pipes)  

  mkisofs  Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem  

  [mknod](http://ss64.com/bash/mknod.html)
    Make block or character special files  

  [more](http://ss64.com/bash/more.html)
     Display output one screen at a time  

  [mount](http://ss64.com/bash/mount.html)
    Mount a file system  

  [mtools](http://ss64.com/bash/mtools.html)
   Manipulate MS-DOS files  

  [mv](http://ss64.com/bash/mv.html)
       Move or rename files or directories  

  [mmv](http://ss64.com/bash/mmv.html)
      Mass Move and rename (files)  

n  

  netstat  Networking information  

  [nice](http://ss64.com/bash/nice.html)
     Set the priority of a command or job  

  [nl](http://ss64.com/bash/nl.html)
       Number lines and write files  

  [nohup](http://ss64.com/bash/nohup.html)
    Run a command immune to hangups  

  [nslookup](http://ss64.com/bash/nslookup.html)
 Query Internet name servers interactively  

o  

  [open](http://ss64.com/bash/open.html)
     Open a file in its default application  

  [op](http://ss64.com/bash/op.html)
       Operator access   

p  

  [passwd](http://ss64.com/bash/passwd.html)
   Modify a user password  

  [paste](http://ss64.com/bash/paste.html)
    Merge lines of files  

  pathchk  Check file name portability  

  [ping](http://ss64.com/bash/ping.html)
     Test a network connection  

  [pkill](http://ss64.com/bash/pkill.html)
    Stop processes from running  

  [popd](http://ss64.com/bash/popd.html)
     Restore the previous value of the current directory  

  [pr](http://ss64.com/bash/pr.html)
       Prepare files for printing  

  printcap Printer capability database  

  printenv Print environment variables  

  [printf](http://ss64.com/bash/printf.html)
   Format and print data  

  [ps](http://ss64.com/bash/ps.html)
       Process status  

  [pushd](http://ss64.com/bash/pushd.html)
    Save and then change the current directory  

  [pwd](http://ss64.com/bash/pwd.html)
      Print Working Directory  

q  

  [quota](http://ss64.com/bash/quota.html)
    Display disk usage and limits  

  [quotacheck](http://ss64.com/bash/quotacheck.html)
 Scan a file system for disk usage  

  [quotactl](http://ss64.com/bash/quotactl.html)
 Set disk quotas  

r  

  [ram](http://ss64.com/bash/ram.html)
      ram disk device  

  [rcp](http://ss64.com/bash/rcp.html)
      Copy files between two machines  

  [read](http://ss64.com/bash/read.html)
     read a line from standard input  

  [readonly](http://ss64.com/bash/readonly.html)
 Mark variables/functions as readonly  

  reboot   Reboot the system  

  renice   Alter priority of running processes   

  remsync  Synchronize remote files via email  

  [return](http://ss64.com/bash/return.html)
   Exit a shell function  

  [rev](http://ss64.com/bash/rev.html)
      Reverse lines of a file  

  [rm](http://ss64.com/bash/rm.html)
       Remove files  

  [rmdir](http://ss64.com/bash/rmdir.html)
    Remove folder(s)  

  [rsync](http://ss64.com/bash/rsync.html)
    Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)  

s  

  [screen](http://ss64.com/bash/screen.html)
   Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh  

  [scp](http://ss64.com/bash/scp.html)
      Secure copy (remote file copy)  

  [sdiff](http://ss64.com/bash/sdiff.html)
    Merge two files interactively  

  [sed](http://ss64.com/bash/sed.html)
      Stream Editor  

  [select](http://ss64.com/bash/select.html)
   Accept keyboard input  

  [seq](http://ss64.com/bash/seq.html)
      Print numeric sequences  

  [set](http://ss64.com/bash/set.html)
      Manipulate shell variables and functions  

  sftp     Secure File Transfer Program  

  [shift](http://ss64.com/bash/shift.html)
    Shift positional parameters  

  [shopt](http://ss64.com/bash/shopt.html)
    Shell Options  

  [shutdown](http://ss64.com/bash/shutdown.html)
 Shutdown or restart linux  

  [sleep](http://ss64.com/bash/sleep.html)
    Delay for a specified time  

  [slocate](http://ss64.com/bash/slocate.html)
  Find files  

  [sort](http://ss64.com/bash/sort.html)
     Sort text files  

  [source](http://ss64.com/bash/source.html)
   Run commands from a file `.'  

  [split](http://ss64.com/bash/split.html)
    Split a file into fixed-size pieces  

  [ssh](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell)
      Secure Shell client (remote login program)  

  strace   Trace system calls and signals  

  [su](http://ss64.com/bash/su.html)
       Substitute user identity  

  [sudo](http://ss64.com/bash/sudo.html)
     Execute a command as another user  

  [sum](http://ss64.com/bash/sum.html)
      Print a checksum for a file  

  [symlink](http://ss64.com/bash/symlink.html)
  Make a new name for a file  

  [sync](http://ss64.com/bash/sync.html)
     Synchronize data on disk with memory  

t  

  [tail](http://ss64.com/bash/tail.html)
     Output the last part of files  

  [tar](http://ss64.com/bash/tar.html)
      Tape ARchiver  

  [tee](http://ss64.com/bash/tee.html)
      Redirect output to multiple files  

  [test](http://ss64.com/bash/test.html)
     Evaluate a conditional expression  

  [time](http://ss64.com/bash/time.html)
     Measure Program running time  

  [times](http://ss64.com/bash/times.html)
    User and system times  

  [touch](http://ss64.com/bash/touch.html)
    Change file timestamps  

  [top](http://ss64.com/bash/top.html)
      List processes running on the system  

  [traceroute](http://ss64.com/bash/traceroute.html)
 Trace Route to Host  

  trap     Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)  

  [tr](http://ss64.com/bash/tr.html)
       Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters  

  [true](http://ss64.com/bash/true.html)
     Do nothing, successfully  

  [tsort](http://ss64.com/bash/tsort.html)
    Topological sort  

  [tty](http://ss64.com/bash/tty.html)
      Print filename of terminal on stdin  

  [type](http://ss64.com/bash/type.html)
     Describe a command  

u  

  [ulimit](http://ss64.com/bash/ulimit.html)
   Limit user resources  

  [umask](http://ss64.com/bash/umask.html)
    Users file creation mask  

  umount   Unmount a device  

  [unalias](http://ss64.com/bash/alias.html)
  Remove an alias  

  [uname](http://ss64.com/bash/uname.html)
    Print system information  

  [unexpand](http://ss64.com/bash/unexpand.html)
 Convert spaces to tabs  

  [uniq](http://ss64.com/bash/uniq.html)
     Uniquify files  

  [units](http://ss64.com/bash/units.html)
    Convert units from one scale to another  

  [unset](http://ss64.com/bash/unset.html)
    Remove variable or function names  

  [unshar](http://ss64.com/bash/unshar.html)
   Unpack shell archive scripts  

  [until](http://ss64.com/bash/until.html)
    Execute commands (until error)  

  [useradd](http://ss64.com/bash/useradd.html)
  Create new user account  

  [usermod](http://ss64.com/bash/usermod.html)
  Modify user account  

  [users](http://ss64.com/bash/users.html)
    List users currently logged in  

  [uuencode](http://ss64.com/bash/uuencode.html)
 Encode a binary file   

  [uudecode](http://ss64.com/bash/uuencode.html)
 Decode a file created by uuencode  

v  

  v        Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')  

  vdir     Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')  

  [vi](http://ss64.com/bash/vi.html)
       Text Editor  

  [vmstat](http://ss64.com/bash/vmstat.html)
   Report virtual memory statistics  

w  

  [watch](http://ss64.com/bash/watch.html)
    Execute/display a program periodically  

  [wc](http://ss64.com/bash/wc.html)
       Print byte, word, and line counts  

  [whereis](http://ss64.com/bash/whereis.html)
  Report all known instances of a command      

  [which](http://ss64.com/bash/which.html)
    Locate a program file in the user's path.   

  [while](http://ss64.com/bash/while.html)
    Execute commands  

  [who](http://ss64.com/bash/who.html)
      Print all usernames currently logged in  

  [whoami](http://ss64.com/bash/whoami.html)
   Print the current user id and name (`id -un')  

  Wget     Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP  

  [write](http://ss64.com/bash/write.html)
    Send a message to another user   

x  

  [xargs](http://ss64.com/bash/xargs.html)
    Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)  

  [yes](http://ss64.com/bash/yes.html)
      Print a string until interrupted  

  [.](http://ss64.com/bash/source.html)
        Run a command script in the current shell  

  [###](http://ss64.com/bash/rem.html)
      Comment / Remark